CLOWN PLECO L103 | PANAQOLUS MACCUS

The Clown Pleco (Panaqolus maccus), also known by its L-number L103, is a small, beautifully patterned freshwater catfish native to the Orinoco River basin in Venezuela and Colombia. It’s a member of the Loricariidae family (the same family as common plecos) but stays much smaller, making it an excellent choice for medium and even smaller aquariums.

The Clown Pleco is easily recognized by its bold pattern of golden-yellow or orange bands over a dark brown to black body—each fish having a slightly different pattern, giving them unique character. Adults typically reach around 3.5–4 inches (9–10 cm) in length, making them one of the most manageable and attractive pleco species for community tanks.

Ideal water parameters:
Temperature: 75–82°F (24–28°C)
pH: 6.5–7.5
Hardness: 4–15 dGH

Tank setup: Clown Plecos are shy, nocturnal fish that thrive in aquariums with plenty of driftwood, rock caves, and hiding spots. Driftwood is especially important—it serves both as shelter and a food source, since they naturally rasp on wood fibers in the wild. A soft, sandy substrate and moderate water flow mimic their natural river habitat. A 20-gallon tank or larger is ideal for one or a small group.

Diet: Primarily a wood-eating herbivore, the Clown Pleco’s diet should include driftwood, sinking algae wafers, and vegetable-based foods. Supplement with blanched zucchini, cucumber, or peas. They’ll also graze on biofilm and accept occasional protein-based foods such as shrimp pellets or bloodworms, though these should be fed sparingly.

Temperament and tankmates: They are peaceful and reclusive, getting along well with most community fish including tetras, rasboras, corydoras, and small livebearers. Males may become territorial with other plecos, so provide multiple hiding areas if keeping more than one.

Fun fact: Clown Plecos are one of the few pleco species that actually need driftwood in their diet—without it, they can suffer digestive issues. Their small size, beautiful markings, and gentle nature make them a favorite among aquarists who want the charm of a pleco without the massive size of common varieties.